Ekonomi: Mei 2014

INTRODUCTION

Praise and thanksgiving authors say the presence of Almighty God over abundance of grace and the gift to the author, so I can finish the paper with the title "possesive" This smoothly.

This paper aims to fulfill one of the tasks assigned by the lecturer in English. This paper is written from the compilation of data obtained from internet sites and references from books on intermediate english.

Not forgetting authors thank the lecturers for their guidance and direction in the writing of this paper, so the paper can be resolved. The author hopes, through this paper can provide a benefit to us all and can add to our knowledge about the English language. In the course of writing this paper is still so much imperfection, and therefore the author expect criticism and suggestions for improvement are better.

Pamulang, 16 April 2014

Author

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER PAPER.............................................................................................................................................. 1

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................. ................................................................................ 3

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY............................................................................................................ 4

1.1 BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................................................................. 4

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION......................................................................................................................................................... 4

1.3 PURPOSE...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

1.4 BENEFIT......................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION......................................................................................................... 5-8

2.1 NOUN & PRONOUNS.............................................................................................................................................................. 5-6

2.2 POSSESSIVE NOUN................................................................................................................................................................ 6-7

2.3 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS........................................................................................................................................................ 7

2.4 FUNCTION & TYPE POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS................................................................................................................. 7-8

CHAPTER III CLOSING................................................................................................................... 9

3.1 CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................................................................9

3.2 SUGGESTION................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

3.3 EXERCISE.......................................................................................................................................................................................9

BIBLIOGRAPHY.............................................................................................................................. 10

CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

1.1 BACKGROUND

In this era of globalization increasingly fierce competition,especially in the country of Indonesia which was headed free market, therefore we as the future generation must be prepared to face the free market,especially mastering a foreign language,namely English International. After mastering the English language well, then we can easily communicate with other nations in the world. In addition, we will be able to add insight and knowledge for the betterment of the nation and the state are looking for information such as: reading English literature, listening to radio broadcasts and watch foreign films other science. In studying the English language was not easy, a lot of order and rules that need to be noticed in the writing and its use, even with a different way of talking was not like the spelling of Indonesian writing. In addition to fulfilling the coursework author aims to explain the use of the pronoun or possessive pronouns so that readers can understand more about the writing and the correct use of the English language.

1.2 PROBLEM FORMULATION

In accordance with the problems above background, the problems can be formulated which will be discussed as follows:

Ø What is the sense of Noun and Pronoun?

Ø What is a possessive pronoun?

Ø How do I differentiate between the possessive pronoun with possessive adjective?

Ø What is the difference dependent and independent?

Ø What are examples of sentences that include the possessive?

1.3 PURPOSE

The purpose of this discussion paper is as follows:

Ø To find out the meaning of the possessive.

Ø In order to distinguish the use of possessive pronouns with the possessive adjective.

Ø To avoid errors in the writing and its use.

1.4 BENEFIT

In this paper the discussion of the benefits that can be obtained are as follows:

Ø Be aware of the notion of possessive.

Ø Can distinguish the use of possessive pronouns with the possessive adjective.

Ø To minimize the occurrence of errors in the writing and its use.

Ø Knowing the function of the possessive pronoun.

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1 NOUN DAN PRONOUN

Ø Noun

Noun adalah kata benda, di bagi 2 yaitu :

1. Countable Nouns

Countable nouns mudah dikenali, yaitu kata benda yang dapat dihitung, misalnya: pen. Kita dapat menghitung pen. Kita mungkin mempunyai one, two, three or more pens.

Berikut beberapa contoh countable nouns:

ü dog, cat, animal, man, person

ü bottle, box, litre

ü coin, note, dollar

ü cup, plate, fork

ü table, chair, suitcase, bag

Countable nouns dapat berupa singular (tunggal) atau plural (jamak):

ü My cat is playing.

ü My cats are hungry.

2. Uncountable Nouns

Uncountable nouns adalah kata benda yang tidak bisa dihitung, misalnya 'milk'. Kita tidak dapat menghitung 'milk'. Kita dapat menghitung 'bottles of milk' or 'litres of milk', tetapi kita tidak dapat menghitung 'milk' itu sendiri. Contoh uncountable nouns yang lain adalah:

ü music, art, love, happiness

ü advice, information, news

ü furniture, luggage

ü rice, sugar, butter, water

ü electricity, gas, power

ü money, currency

Ø Pronouns

Pronouns adalah kata ganti yang digunakan untuk menggantikan orang, hewan, dan benda.

Bentuk-bentuk pronouns ada 8 namun saya akan menjelaskan 3 dari 8 pronouns dan Contoh Pronouns:

1. Personal Pronouns (kata ganti nama orang)

2. Possessive Pronouns (kata ganti kepemilikan)

3. Reflexive Pronouns (kata ganti diri sendiri)

4. Demonstrative Pronouns (kata ganti penunjuk)

5. Indefinite Pronouns (kata ganti benda tak tentu)

6. Reciprocal Pronouns (kata ganti jamak)

7. Intterogative Pronouns (kata ganti penanya)

8. Relative Pronouns (kata penghubung)

Untuk membedakan ketiganya perhatikan tabel di bawah ini:

Personal Pronouns		Possessive Pronouns		Reflexive Pronouns
Subject	Object	Possessive Adjective	PossessivePronouns	Reflexive Pronouns
I	Me	My …	Mine	Myself
You	You	Your …	Yours	Yourself
They	Them	Their …	Theirs	Themselves
We	Us	Our …	Ours	Ourselves
He	Him	His …	His	Himself
She	Her	Her …	Hers	Herself
It	It	Its …	Its	Itself

Contoh:

I go with him to her house. (Artinya: Saya pergi dengan dia ke rumahnya)

He visits our home. (Artinya: Dia mengunjungi rumah kita)

Its tail is very long. (Artinya: Ekornya sangat panjang)

2.2 POSSESSIVE NOUN

Possessive Noun adalah kata benda atau nomina yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kepemilikan atas suatu benda. Bentuk possessive dipakai bersama suatu nomina yang menunjuk pada seseorang, sekelompok orang, negara, atau binatang.

Contoh possessive nouns yang menyatakan kepemilikan suatu benda:

- Tom owns a car. “Tom” adalah pemilik dari “a car”, maka bentuk possessive-nya adalah: It isTom's car.

Contoh possessive nouns dengan bentuk sebelumnya:

- The car of John = John’s car.

- The sister of Charles = Charles’ sister.

- The boat of the sailors = The sailors’ boat.

Selain menyatakan kepemilikan atas benda, possessive nouns juga dapat menyatakan relasi antara seseorang terhadap hubungan kekeluargaan, tempat kegiatannya, dan sifat atau karakternya. Contoh:

- Mark goes to that school. That is Mark’s school.- Camilla’s mother.

- Luke’s patience.

Perhatikan catatan dan aturan pembentukan possessive nouns berikut di bawah ini.

Jika singular nouns tidak berakhiran –s, tambahkan ‘s (apostrof dan s)

- The delivery boy’s truck was blocking the driveway.- Bob Dole’s concession speech was stoic and dignified.

- The student’s attempts to solve the problem were rewarded

Jika singular nouns berakhiran –s, tambahkan ‘s, kecuali bila kata berikutnya diawali dengan huruf s, maka tambahkan saja apostrof (termasuk juga kata yang bersuara s and sh.)

- The boss’s temper was legendary among his employees.- The boss’ sister was even meaner.

- The witness’s version of the story has several inconsistencies.

- The witness’ story did not match the events recorded on tape.

Jika singular proper nouns berakhiran –s, tambahkan saja apostrof

- Chris’ exam scores were higher than any other students.

Jika plural nouns berakhiran –s, tambahkan apostrof saja. Hal ini juga berlaku untuk kata berbentuk singular yang berakhiran -s (seperti kata mathematics dan measles).

- The instructor asked us to analyze ten poems’ meanings.- The dog catcher had to check all of the dogs’ tags.

- It is hard to endure the Marine Corps’ style of discipline.

Jika plural nouns tidak berakhiran –s, tambahkan ‘s (apostrof dan s)

- Many activists in Oregon are concerned with children’s rights.- Everyone was disappointed with the American media’s coverage of the Olympics in Atlanta.

Jika memakai gabungan nomina possessive (joint possession), maka gunakan bentuk possessive pada nomina yang paling dekat dengan kata berikutnya.

- Clinton and Gore's campaign was successful.- She was worried about her mother andfather's marriage.

- Beavis and Butthead's appeal is absolutely lost on me.

Jika dua nomina atau lebih dipakai untuk menyatakan kepemilikannya masing-masing (separate possession), maka gunakan bentuk possessive pada setiap nomina.

- The owner’s and the boss’s excuses were equally false.- The dog’s and the cats’ owners were in school when the fire broke out.

Dalam suatu konstruksi gabungan (compound constructions), gunakan bentuk possessive pada nomina yang paling dekat dengan kata berikutnya (sebaiknya hindari pemakaian bentuk possessive untuk konstruksi gabungan berbentuk plural (compound plurals)).

- My father-in-law’s BMW is really fun to drive.- The forest ranger’s truck is painted an ugly shade of green.

Bentuk possessive juga digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah toko, restoran, sekolah, tempat ibadah, dsb. dengan memakai nama, merek, atau pekerjaan dari si pemilik, misalnya: the grocer's, the newsagent's, the dentist's, Saint Mary's, the doctor's, the chemist's, etc.

Beberapa ungkapan umum yang memakai bentuk possessive:

- a day's work

- a fortnight's holiday

- a month's pay

- today's newspaper

- in a year's time

2.3 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Possessive Pronoun

Possessive pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menunjukkan kepemilikan atas suatu benda. Kata-kata yang biasa digunakan adalah mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs.

Contoh:

- Look at those cars. Theirs is really ugly; ours is beautiful.

- This new car is mine.

- Mine is newer than yours.

- My hair is very fine. Yours is much thicker.

- The choice was his.

- These are my gloves. Hers are in the drawer.

2.4 FUNCTION & TYPE POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Possessive pronouns dibedakan menjadi dua:

a. Dependent

Dependent Possessive Pronouns adalah possessive pronouns yang ditempatkan sebelum kata benda (noun).

Contoh:

This is your pen and that is mine.

This is my pencil and those are his.

b. Independent

Independent Possessive Pronoun adalah possessive pronouns yang diletakkan setelah kata kerja (verb) :

This is your pen and that is mine.

This is my pencil and those are his.

Possesive pronoun juga mempunyai dua fungsi atau kegunaan, yaitu sebagai kata sifat (As adjective) dan sebagai kanti ganti saja (As pronoun).

a. Possessive pronoun sebagai kata sifat (as adjective)

My	Milik saya
Your	Milik kamu
His	Miliknya (laki laki)
Her	Miliknya (perempuan)
Their	Milik mereka
Our	Milik kami/kita
Its	Milik (binatang/benda)

Note: Jika pengguanaan possessive pronoun sebagai kata sifat, maka harus disertai dengan bendanya.

Example:

Sentence	Meaning
This is my car	Ini adalah mobil saya
That is your pen	Itu adalah pulpen anda/kamu
Her father gives me a book	Ayahnya member saya buku
Those are their books	Itu adalah bukunya

Note:

# My menjelaskan car

# Your menjelaskan pen

# Her menjelaskan father

#Their menjelaskan books

Example :

That's my dog in the picture.

Does you cat like tuna?

That's her car over there.

b. Possessive pronoun sebagai kata ganti (as pronoun)

Mine	Milik saya
Yours	Milik kamu
His	Miliknya (laki laki)
Hers	Miliknya (perempuan)
Theirs	Milik mereka
Ours	Milik kami/kita
Its	Milik (binatang/benda)

Note: jika Possessive pronoun digunakan sebagai pronoun, maka tidak disertai dengan objek bendanya.

Example:

Sentence	Meaning
This car is mine	Mobil itu punyaku
That pen isyours	Pulpen itu punyamu
The house is Hers	Rumah itu miliknya
Those books aretheirs	Buku itu miliknya

Example:

-Whose lunch is this? - It's yours.

-Whose house is it? - It's his.

-Do you know who this belongs to? - It's hers.

CHAPTER III

CLOSING

3.1 CONCLUSION

Behind the preparation of this paper is to add to our knowledge of the authors and are looking for an easy way to explain the material on Pronoun. Shape-related properties Pronoun Pronoun sense, shape and nature of Pronoun and how the application / use.

Meaning of the above materials can be concluded that the definition of a pronoun is a pronoun that serves as the subject.

I, you, we, they, he, and she used to replace people. In addition, "they" are also used to replace plural nouns. He and she also can be used to replace animals, especially pets. And specifically to "she" can also be used to replace ships.

"It" to replace single inanimate objects and plants.

He, she and it are singular subject (third person singular) is always followed by a singular verb.

3.2 SUGGESTION

1. Language English is an international language, to make it easier to learn in different ways, one way to make a more detailed paper delivery. Read this paper carefully. Hopefully can add insight (especially those who have studied the matter about Pronoun).

2. To the reader who already knows more about this matter we wish to provide input can even add information to us either directly or indirectly. Hopefully we can make the added knowledge.

3.3 EXERCISE

Fill in the blanks with correct Possessive Noun, Pronouns, and Adjective!

1. We enjoy .... english class.

2. They are listening to …. Teacher.

3. I’d lend you a car, but my brother borrowed my car. (change in possessive pronoun)

4. That is her book, that book is …..

5. The room of the girls = (possessive noun)

6. Rita has two cousins. .... names Matthew and Shelly.

7. I am a student .... school is on jl. Mawar.

8. I think this is my bag.And where is ....?Have you found it?

9. Is this your car ? No, that one over there is ….

1. My class is bad. .... is the most beautiful one.